The classification of coal is generally based on the content of
volatiles. However, the exact classification varies between countries.
According to the German classification, coal is classified as follows:
German Classification |
English Designation |
Volatiles % |
C Carbon % |
H Hydrogen % |
O Oxygen % |
S Sulfur % |
Heat content kJ/kg |
Braunkohle |
Lignite |
45-65 |
60-75 |
6.0-5.8 |
34-17 |
0.5-3 |
<28,470 |
Flammkohle |
Flame coal |
40-45 |
75-82 |
6.0-5.8 |
>9.8 |
~1 |
<32,870 |
Gasflammkohle |
Gas flame coal |
35-40 |
82-85 |
5.8-5.6 |
9.8-7.3 |
~1 |
<33,910 |
Gaskohle |
Gas coal |
28-35 |
85-87.5 |
5.6-5.0 |
7.3-4.5 |
~1 |
<34,960 |
Fettkohle |
Fat coal |
19-28 |
87.5-89.5 |
5.0-4.5 |
4.5-3.2 |
~1 |
<35,380 |
Esskohle |
Forge coal |
14-19 |
89.5-90.5 |
4.5-4.0 |
3.2-2.8 |
~1 |
<35,380 |
Magerkohle |
Non baking coal |
10-14 |
90.5-91.5 |
4.0-3.75 |
2.8-3.5 |
~1 |
35,380 |
Anthrazit |
Anthracite |
7-12 |
>91.5 |
<3.75 |
<2.5 |
~1 |
<35,300 |
Percent by weight |
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